Bernese Mountain Dogs and Lyme Disease: A Breed-Specific Concern

Bernese Mountain Dogs are a beloved breed known for their gentle temperament and striking appearance. However, this breed is particularly susceptible to a serious health concern: Lyme disease. Studies have shown that a significant percentage of Bernese Mountain Dogs have developed antibodies against the bacteria that causes Lyme disease, making them more vulnerable to this debilitating condition.

Understanding the Prevalence of Lyme Disease in Bernese Mountain Dogs

Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. While Lyme disease can affect dogs of any breed, Bernese Mountain Dogs have been found to have a higher prevalence of the disease compared to other breeds.

According to a study published in the BMC Veterinary Research journal, a staggering 58% of Bernese Mountain Dogs have developed antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacteria that causes Lyme disease. This is in stark contrast to the 15% prevalence found in control dogs of other breeds.

Breed Predisposition: Why are Bernese Mountain Dogs More Susceptible?

The Bernese Mountain Dog’s susceptibility to Lyme disease can be attributed to its unique genetic makeup and breeding history. This breed is known to have a relatively narrow gene pool, as it has been selectively bred for specific physical and temperamental traits. This intensive breeding process can inadvertently increase the breed’s vulnerability to certain health conditions, including Lyme disease.

Symptoms and Complications of Lyme Disease in Bernese Mountain Dogs

Bernese Mountain Dogs affected by Lyme disease may exhibit a range of symptoms, including:

• Fever
• Stiff walk with an arched back
• Sensitivity to touch
• Difficulty breathing
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy and depression
• Joint pain and swelling, with lameness that may shift between legs

If left untreated, Lyme disease can lead to more severe complications, such as kidney disease. Bernese Mountain Dogs are particularly prone to developing kidney disease as a result of Lyme disease, which can progress to kidney failure if not addressed promptly.

Transmission and Prevention of Lyme Disease

Lyme disease is primarily transmitted by the black-legged tick, also known as the deer tick. These ticks must be attached to the host for 2-3 days to successfully transmit the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria.

To prevent Lyme disease in Bernese Mountain Dogs, it is crucial to take the following precautions:

1. Regularly check your dog for ticks, especially after spending time in wooded or grassy areas.
2. Use tick prevention products recommended by your veterinarian, such as collars, topical treatments, or oral medications.
3. Avoid areas known to have a high tick population, especially during peak tick season.
4. Consult with your veterinarian about the appropriate Lyme disease vaccine for your Bernese Mountain Dog.

Treatment and Management of Lyme Disease in Bernese Mountain Dogs

If your Bernese Mountain Dog is diagnosed with Lyme disease, the typical treatment involves a course of antibiotics. In some cases, anti-inflammatory medication may also be prescribed to help alleviate the pain and discomfort associated with the disease.

It is important to note that early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for the successful management of Lyme disease in Bernese Mountain Dogs. Untreated Lyme disease can lead to more severe complications, such as kidney disease, which can be life-threatening if not addressed in a timely manner.

Conclusion

Bernese Mountain Dogs are a beloved breed, but their susceptibility to Lyme disease is a significant concern that owners must be aware of. By understanding the prevalence of the disease in this breed, recognizing the symptoms, and taking proactive measures to prevent and manage Lyme disease, Bernese Mountain Dog owners can help ensure the long-term health and well-being of their beloved companions.

References:

1. Gerber, B., Eichenberger, S., Wittenbrink, M.M., & Reusch, C.E. (2007). Increased prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infections in Bernese Mountain Dogs: a possible breed predisposition. BMC Veterinary Research, 3(1), 15. https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-3-15
2. Woodlawn Animal Hospital. (2018). Lyme Disease and Your Pets. https://woodlawnanimalhospital.com/wahs-up/lyme-disease-and-your-pets/
3. ScienceDaily. (2007). Bernese Mountain Dogs Prone To Infection By Lyme Disease-related Bacteria. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/07/070712135334.htm
4. Lawrenceburg Vet Clinic. (2018). Do You Know the Facts About Canine Lyme Disease? https://www.lawrenceburgvetclinic.com/blog/2018/april/do-you-know-the-facts-about-canine-lyme-disease/.